Ace the 2025 Rosh Emergency Medicine Test – Your Path to Medical Mastery!

In cases of severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis, the standard treatment is epinephrine. This medication works rapidly to counteract the life-threatening symptoms associated with severe allergic reactions. It acts on alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and bronchodilation. These effects help to reverse airway swelling, improve breathing, and stabilize blood pressure, which are critical in managing anaphylaxis.

Epinephrine is typically administered intramuscularly, most commonly in the mid-anterolateral thigh, using an auto-injector for quick and efficient delivery. Its prompt administration is vital, as delays can lead to more severe outcomes, including respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse.

While antihistamines, intravenous fluids, and glucocorticoids can be part of the treatment for allergic reactions or anaphylaxis, they are not the first-line therapy. Antihistamines may relieve mild symptoms but do not address the life-threatening aspects of anaphylaxis. Intravenous fluids may be helpful in some cases, especially in hypotensive patients, but they do not treat the underlying cause of anaphylaxis. Glucocorticoids can be used to help prevent a biphas